Know Your Rights: A Parent’s Guide to Special Education Law

If you're a parent navigating the special education world, understanding your rights is essential. Special education laws are designed to protect your child and ensure they receive a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE). This means schools are legally required to meet your child’s unique learning needs at no cost to you.

The Three Major Laws You Should Know:

1. IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act): IDEA is the cornerstone of special education. It guarantees:

• FAPE in the Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)

• An Individualized Education Program (IEP) tailored to your child's needs

• Access to related services like speech therapy, occupational therapy, and counseling

• Procedural safeguards to ensure parents are informed and involved in every step

2. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act: Section 504 is a civil rights law that prohibits disability discrimination. If your child doesn't qualify for an IEP but still needs support, a 504 Plan provides accommodations that level the playing field.

3. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA): The ADA ensures accessibility and equal opportunity in all areas of public life—including schools, transportation, and extracurriculars.

Parent Tips:

• Request evaluations in writing with dates and specifics.

• Organize a binder for IEPs, evaluations, notes, and communication logs.

• Take someone with you to meetings for support and note-taking.

• Ask questions like: What services are available? How is progress tracked?

Rights at a Glance

Law

What It Covers

Key Benefit

IDEA

Special education services, IEPs

Customized learning support

Section 504

Accommodations in general education

Equal access without changing goals

ADA

Accessibility and non-discrimination

Inclusive school experiences

Knowing your rights helps you advocate with confidence and ensures your child gets the support they deserve.